Wednesday 7 June 2017

KIDNEY FAILURE

What is kidney failure?
If you have kidney disease, it does not mean that you will develop kidney failure.
You can lose up to 90 per cent of kidney function before feeling sick. In many cases, the signs of disease aren’t noticed until the kidneys are close to failure. 
What causes kidney failure?
In most cases, kidney failure is caused by other health problems that have done permanent damage (harm) to your kidneys little by little, over time.
Kidney failure is the last (most severe) stage of chronic kidney disease. This is why kidney failure is also called end-stage renal disease, or ESRD for short.
Some causes of kidney failure includes;
Diabetes(diabetic nephropathy) -  if not well managed, diabetes can cause kidney damage. it is the most common cause of ESRD.
High blood pressure (hypertension) glomerulonephritis - swelling or inflammation of the tiny filtering units (nephrons) in the kidney. the second most common cause of ESRD.
Other problems that can cause kidney failure include:
Autoimmune diseases, such as lupus and IgA nephropathy
Genetic diseases (diseases you are born with), such as polycystic kidney disease  , polycystic kidney disease - is an inherited condition that causes hundreds of cysts to form in the kidney
Nephrotic syndrome
Urinary tract problems
urinary reflux (reflux nephropathy) - a bladder-valve problem that allows urine to flow back into the kidneys, causing scarring medications -
Some drugs such as lithium and cyclosporin can cause kidney failure. Continued misuse of compound analgesic preparations (now banned) was once a common cause of permanent kidney disease
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), taken in normal therapeutic doses,
Sometimes the kidneys can stop working very suddenly (within two days). This type of kidney failure is called acute kidney injury or acute renal failure.
Common causes of acute renal failure include:
Heart attack, Illegal drug use and drug abuse, Not enough blood flowing to the kidneys and urinary tract problems
This type of kidney failure is not always permanent. Your kidneys may go back to normal or almost normal with treatment and if you do not have other serious health problems.
Having one of the health problems that can lead to kidney failure does not mean that you will definitely have kidney failure.
 Living a healthy lifestyle and working with your doctor to control these health problems can help your kidneys work for as long as possible.
Kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease (ESRD), is the last stage of chronic kidney disease. When your kidneys fail, it means they have stopped working well enough for you to survive without dialysis or a kidney transplant.

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